International Virtual Observatory Alliance

Difference: TWikiTemplates (4 vs. 5)

Revision 52001-09-14 - PeterThoeny

</table >

Sample screen shot of oopstest.tmpl

With URL: .../bin/oops/Test/TestTopic2?template=oopstest&param1=WebHome&param2=WebNotify

  META TOPICPARENT 
 name="WebHome" 

On this page: 
  Overview
   Master Templates 
  How Template Directives Work
   Finding Templates
   TMPL:INCLUDE recursion for piecewise customisation, or mixing in new features
   Default master template
 
   Template Topics 
  Variable Expansion 
  1. Default variable expansion
   2. Preventing variable expansion
   3. Control over variable expansion
 
   Specifying a Form
   Automatically Generated Topic Names
   Template Topics in Action
   Using Absolute vs Relative URLs in Templates
 
 


 TWiki Template System 

Definition of the templates used to render all HTML pages displayed in TWiki 

 Overview
- META TOPICPARENT
+ name="WebHome"
-<
<
+The new modular template system is more flexible, efficient, and easily updated than the old set-up, where each template is a complete HTML file. The new master template approach places common templates parts, like headers and footers, in one shared file. This simplifies the conversion of templates into XHTML format, and provides a more versatile solution for templates and for skins.
->
>
+The new modular template system is more flexible, efficient, and easily updated than the old set-up, where each template is a complete HTML file. The new master template approach places common templates parts, like headers and footers, in one shared file. This simplifies the conversion of templates into XHTML format, and provides a more versatile solution for templates and for TWikiSkins.
  Major changes from the previous template system 

The main difference is that templates are now defined using variables to include template parts. You change one stored instance of a common element to update all occurrences. The new system:
 

 separates a set of common template parts into a base template that is included by all of the related templates;
 
 

 defines common variables, like a standard separator (ex: "|"), in the base template;
 
 

 defines variable text in the individual templates and passes it back to the base template.
 

 Functional Specifications 
 

 Special template directives (or preprocessor commands) are embedded in normal templates.
  Use of template directives is optional, templates work without them.
  All template preprocessing is done in &TWiki::Store::readTemplate() so that the caller simply gets an expanded template file (the same as before).
  Directives are of the form %TMPL:<key>% and %TMPL:<key>{"attr"}%.
-<
<
+ Initial set of directives: 
 %TMPL:INCLUDE{"file"}%: Includes a template file. The usual search path is applied.
->
>
+ Directives: 
 %TMPL:INCLUDE{"file"}%: Includes a template file. The template directory of the current web is searched first, then the templates root (twiki/templates).
  %TMPL:DEF{"var"}%: Define a variable. Text between this and the END directive is not returned, but put into a hash for later use.
  %TMPL:END%: Ends variable definition.
  %TMPL:P{"var"}%: Prints a previously defined variable.
-<
<
+ New directives can be added over time when needed, ex: IF-THEN-ELSE.
  Variables are live in a global name space, there is no parameter passing.
  Two-pass processing, so that you can use a variable before declaring it or after.
-<
<
+ Templates and skins work transparently and interchangeably. For example, you can create a skin that overloads just the twiki.tmpl, like twiki.print.tmpl, that redefines the header and footer.
->
>
+ Templates and TWikiSkins work transparently and interchangeably. For example, you can create a skin that overloads just the twiki.tmpl, like twiki.print.tmpl, that redefines the header and footer.
  Note: The template directives work only for templates, they do not get processed in topic text.
 

 New Template System by Example 

Attached is an example of an oops base template oopsbase.tmpl and a example oops dialog oopstest.tmpl which is based on the base template. NOTE: This isn't the release version, just a quick, simple demo.

 Base template oopsbase.tmpl 

The first line declares the delimiter variable called "sep", used to separate multiple link items. The variable can be called anywhere by writing %TMPL:P{"sep"}%
-<
<
+NOTE: Added a dot to escape rendering of variables, i.e. read %.WEB% as %WEB%.
->
>
-<
<
+<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1">
->
>
+%TMPL:DEF{"sep"}% | %TMPL:END%
-<
<
+<tr><td>
<verbatim>
%.TMPL:DEF{"sep"}% | %.TMPL:END%
 <html>
<head>
-<
<
+  <title> %.WIKITOOLNAME% . %.WEB% . %.TOPIC% %.TMPL:P{"titleaction"}%</title>
  <base href="%.SCRIPTURL%/view%.SCRIPTSUFFIX%/%.WEB%/%.TOPIC%">
->
>
+  <title> %WIKITOOLNAME% . %WEB% . %TOPIC% %.TMPL:P{"titleaction"}%</title>
  <base href="%SCRIPTURL%/view%SCRIPTSUFFIX%/%WEB%/%TOPIC%">
   <meta name="robots" content="noindex">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
-<
<
+	 <td bgcolor="%.WEBBGCOLOR%" rowspan="2" valign="top" width="1%">
		<a href="%.WIKIHOMEURL%">
		<img src="%.PUBURLPATH%/wikiHome.gif" border="0"></a>
->
>
+	 <td bgcolor="%WEBBGCOLOR%" rowspan="2" valign="top" width="1%">
		<a href="%WIKIHOMEURL%">
		<img src="%PUBURLPATH%/wikiHome.gif" border="0"></a>
 	 </td>
	 <td>
-<
<
+		<b>%.WIKITOOLNAME% . %.WEB% . </b><font size="+2">
		<B>%.TOPIC%</b> %.TMPL:P{"titleaction"}%</font>
->
>
+		<b>%WIKITOOLNAME% . %WEB% . </b><font size="+2">
		<B>%TOPIC%</b> %TMPL:P{"titleaction"}%</font>
 	 </td>
  </tr>
-<
<
+  <tr bgcolor="%.WEBBGCOLOR%">
->
>
+  <tr bgcolor="%WEBBGCOLOR%">
 	 <td colspan="2">
-<
<
+		%.TMPL:P{"webaction"}%
->
>
+		%TMPL:P{"webaction"}%
 	 </td>
  </tr>
</table>
-<
<
+ ++ %.TMPL:P{"heading"}%
%.TMPL:P{"message"}%
->
>
+ ++ %TMPL:P{"heading"}%
%TMPL:P{"message"}%
 <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
-<
<
+  <tr bgcolor="%.WEBBGCOLOR%">
->
>
+  <tr bgcolor="%WEBBGCOLOR%">
 	 <td valign="top">
-<
<
+		Topic <b>TWikiTemplates</b> . {
		  %.TMPL:P{"topicaction"}%
->
>
+		Topic <b>%TOPIC%</b> . {
		  %TMPL:P{"topicaction"}%
 		}
	 </td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
-<
<
+</verbatim>
</td></tr>
</table >
->
>
  Test template oopstest.tmpl 

Each oops template basically just defines some variables and includes the base template that does the layout work.
-<
<
+%.TMPL:DEF{"titleaction"}% (test =titleaction=) %.TMPL:END%
%.TMPL:DEF{"webaction"}% test =webaction= %.TMPL:END%
%.TMPL:DEF{"heading"}%
Test heading %.TMPL:END%
%.TMPL:DEF{"message"}%
->
>
+%TMPL:DEF{"titleaction"}% (test =titleaction=) %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"webaction"}% test =webaction= %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"heading"}%
Test heading %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"message"}%
 Test message. Blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah...
 

 Some more blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah...
-<
<
+ Param1: %PARAM1%
  Param2: %PARAM2%
  Param3: %PARAM3%
  Param4: %PARAM4%
 
%.TMPL:END%
%.TMPL:DEF{"topicaction"}%
->
>
+ Param1: %PARAM1%
  Param2: %PARAM2%
  Param3: %PARAM3%
  Param4: %PARAM4%
 
%TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"topicaction"}%
 Test topicaction:
-<
<
+OK %.TMPL:P{"sep"}%
Register %.TMPL:END%
%.TMPL:INCLUDE{"oopsbase"}%
->
>
+[[%WEB%.%TOPIC%][OK]] %TMPL:P{"sep"}%
[[%TWIKIWEB%.TWikiRegistration][Register]] %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:INCLUDE{"oopsbase"}%

Added: >
>

TWiki master template

All common template parts are defined in one master template, twiki.tmpl, that all other templates include.

Template variable:	Defines:
%TMPL:DEF{"sep"}%	"\|" separator
%TMPL:DEF{"htmldoctype"}%	Start of all HTML pages
%TMPL:DEF{"standardheader"}%	Standard header (ex: view, index, seach)
%TMPL:DEF{"simpleheader"}%	Simple header with reduced links (ex: edit, attach, oops)
%TMPL:DEF{"standardfooter"}%	Footer, excluding revision and copyright parts
%TMPL:DEF{"oops"}%	Skeleton of oops dialog

Changed: <
<Example: preview.tmpl template>
>Example: oopspreview.tmpl template

%TMPL:INCLUDE{"twiki"}%
%TMPL:DEF{"titleaction"}% (oops) %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"webaction"}% *Attention* %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"heading"}% Topic is not saved yet %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"message"}% Please go back in your browser and save the topic. %TMPL:END%
%TMPL:DEF{"topicaction"}%
%TMPL:END%
%TMPL:P{"oops"}%

Known Issues

Changed: <
<

A drawback of referring to a master template is that you can only test a template from within TWiki, where the include variables are resolved. In the previous system, each template is a structurally complete HTML document with a .tmpl filename extension - it contains unresolved %VARIABLES%, but can still be previewed directly in a browser.

>
>

A drawback of referring to a master template is that you can only test a template from within TWiki, where the include variables are resolved. In the previous system, each template is a structurally complete HTML document with a .tmpl filename extension - it contains unresolved %VARIABLES%, but can still be previewed directly in a browser.

Changed: <
<-- PeterThoeny - 23 Jul 2001
>
>-- PeterThoeny - 23 Jul 2001
-- MikeMannix - 30 Aug 2001

META FILEATTACHMENT	attr="h" comment="Example of oopstest.tmpl rendered" date="999598142" name="testscreen.gif" path="C:\02_TWikiDocs\testscreen.gif" size="9460" user="MikeMannix" version="1.1"
META TOPICMOVED	by="MikeMannix" date="1000277381" from="TWiki.TWikiTemplateSystem" to="TWiki.TWikiTemplates"

View topic | History: r35 < r34 < r33 < r32 | More topic actions...

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