IVOA

StandardsRegExt: a VOResource Schema Extension for Describing IVOA Standards
Version 1.0

IVOA Proposed Recommendation
17 February 2012

This version:
http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/20120217/
Latest version:
http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/latest/StandardsRegExt.html
Previous versions
PR: http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/20120213/
PR: http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/20111017/
PR: http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/20110921/
PR: http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/20110316/
WD: http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/20100519/
Authors:
Paul Harrison, Editor
Douglas Burke
Ray Plante
Guy Rixon
Dave Morris
and the IVOA Registry Working Group.

Abstract

This document describes an XML encoding standard for metadata about IVOA standards themselves, referred to as StandardsRegExt. It is intended to allow for the discovery of a standard via an IVOA identifier that refers to the standard. It also allows one to define concepts that are defined by the standard which can themselves be referred to via an IVOA identifier (augmented with a URL fragment identifier). Finally, it can also provide a machine interpretable description of a standard service interface. We describe the general model for the schema and explain its intended use by interoperable registries for discovering resources.

Preface

Status of this document

This is an IVOA Proposed Recommendation available for public review by all interested parties. Comments on this document should be made via the IVOA Request For Comment (RFC) Twiki page, http://www.ivoa.net/cgi-bin/twiki/bin/view/IVOA/StandardsRegExt10RFC or by via email to registry at ivoa.net. The deadline comments can be found on the RFC page.

Pre-1.0 versions of this document were known as VOStandard.

A list of current IVOA Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/.

Acknowledgements

This document has been developed with support from the National Science Foundation's Information Technology Research Program under Cooperative Agreement AST0122449 with The Johns Hopkins University, from the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC), and from the European Commission's Seventh Framework Program.

This document contains text lifted verbatim, with small changes, and with substantial changes from the previously published VODataService specification [VDS] (e.g. sections 2.0). This has been done without specific attribution as a means for providing consistency across similar documents. We acknowledge the authors of that document for this text.

Conformance-related definitions

The words "MUST", "SHALL", "SHOULD", "MAY", "RECOMMENDED", and "OPTIONAL" (in upper or lower case) used in this document are to be interpreted as described in IETF standard, RFC 2119 [RFC 2119].

The Virtual Observatory (VO) is a general term for a collection of federated resources that can be used to conduct astronomical research, education, and outreach. The International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA) is a global collaboration of separately funded projects to develop standards and infrastructure that enable VO applications.

XML document validation is a software process that checks that an XML document is not only well-formed XML but also conforms to the syntax rules defined by the applicable schema. Typically, when the schema is defined by one or more XML Schema [Schema] documents (see next section), validation refers to checking for conformance to the syntax described in those Schema documents. This document describes additional syntax constraints that cannot be enforced solely by the rules of XML Schema; thus, in this document, use of the term validation includes the extra checks that goes beyond common Schema-aware parsers which ensure conformance with this document.

Syntax Notation Using XML Schema

The eXtensible Markup Language, or XML, is document syntax for marking textual information with named tags and is defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendation, XML 1.0 [XML]. The set of XML tag names and the syntax rules for their use is referred to as the document schema. One way to formally define a schema for XML documents is using the W3C standard known as XML Schema [Schema].

This document defines the StandardsRegExt schema using XML Schema. The full Schema document is listed in Appendix A. Parts of the schema appear within the main sections of this document; however, documentation nodes have been left out for the sake of brevity.

Reference to specific elements and types defined in the VOResource schema include the namespaces prefix, vr, as in vr:Resource (a type defined in the VOResource schema). Reference to specific elements and types defined in the StandardsRegExt schema include the namespaces prefix, vstd, as in vstd:ServiceStandard (a type defined in the StandardsRegExt schema). Use of the vstd prefix in compliant instance documents is strongly recommended, particularly in the applications that involve IVOA Registries (see [RI], section 3.1.2). Elsewhere, the use is not required.

Contents

1. Introduction

An important goal of the IVOA is to publish standards for services which can interoperate to create a Virtual Observatory (VO). Central to the coordination of these services is the concept of a registry ([RI]) where resources can be described and thus discovered by users and applications in the VO. The standard Resource Metadata for the Virtual Observatory [Hanisch et al. 2004] (hereafter referred to as RM) defines metadata terms for services and other discoverable resources. A specific XML encoding of these resources is described in the IVOA standard VOResource: an XML Encoding Schema for Resource Metadata [Plante et al. 2006] (hereafter referred to as VOResource). In this schema, support for a standard service protocol is described as a service's capability; the associated metadata is contained within the service resource description's <capability> element. The specific standard protocol supported is uniquely identified via an attribute of the <capability> element called standardID whose value is a URI. The VOResource standard does not place a formal validation requirement on the standardID other than it be a legal URI; however, it was intended that IVOA-endorsed standards would be represented via an IVOA identifier. As per the IVOA Identifier standard [ID], an IVOA identifier must be registered as a resource in an IVOA-compliant registry.

This document defines a VOResource extension schema called StandardsRegExt which allows one to describe a standard and register it with an IVOA registry. By doing so, a unique IVOA identifier becomes "attached" to the standard which can be referred to in other resource descriptions, namely for services that support the standard. Not only does this aid in the unambiguous discovery of compliant service instances but also in validating their descriptions and support for the standard. Another benefit of associating an IVOA identifier with a standard is that it allows registry users who discover services that conform to a particular standard to also discover the document that describes that standard.

StandardsRegExt has two other purposes. First, it allows a service protocol description to communicate specifics about the standard input parameters and output formats specified by the standard. Such a machine-readable description of the interface can assist intelligent portals and applications to build GUI interfaces to standard services and manage workflows built around them. Second, it allows for the definition of small controlled sets of standardized names (referred to as keys in this document) which might be used to identify, for example, specific features of a standard protocol (such as supported data transport protocols). By virtue of being defined within the context of a VOResource description, one can refer to the key using a globally unique URI by adding the key name as a URI fragment [URI] onto the IVOA identifier associated with the descriptions.

It is envisaged that StandardsRegExt instances that describe standards endorsed or otherwise in development by the IVOA will be published in the IVOA Registry of Registries [RofR] using the authority identifier [ID], ivoa.net. However, other standards, be they ad hoc or endorsed by another body, may be published in any compliant registry.

1.1. The Role in the IVOA Architecture

The IVOA Architecture [Arch] provides a high-level view of how IVOA standards work together to connect users and applications with providers of data and services, as depicted in the diagram in Fig. 1.


Figure 1. StandardsRegExt in the IVOA Architecture. The Registry enables applications in the User Layer to discover archives and services in the Resource Layer. The registry metadata model standards (in blue text and boxes) give structure to the information that enables that discovery. StandardsRegExt defines metadata for describing standards themselves (like those that define the Data Access Protocols).

In this architecture, users can leverage a variety of tools (from the User Layer) to discover archives and services of interest (represented in the Resource Layer); registries provide the means for this discovery. A registry is a repository of descriptions of resources that can be searched based on the metadata in those descriptions. In general, a resource can be more than just archives, data, or services; an IVOA standard, as represented by an IVOA document, can also be a resource. The Resource Metadata standard [RM] defines the core concepts used in the resource descriptions, and the VOResource standard [VOR] defines the XML format. StandardsRegExt is an extension of the VOResource standard that defines extra metadata for describing a standard.

2. The StandardsRegExt Data Model

The StandardsRegExt extension in general enables the description of three types of resources:

Here's an example of defining a controlled list of computer languages that might be referred to in other descriptions of applications.

An example of defining a list of programming languages
<ri:Resource xsi:type="vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration" created="2001-12-31T12:00:00"
             updated="2001-12-31T12:00:00" status="active">
   <title>application languages</title>
   <identifier>ivo://ivoa.net/std/application/languages</identifier>
   <curation>
      <publisher>IVOA</publisher>
      <creator>
         <name>IVOA</name>
         <logo>http://www.ivoa.net/icons/ivoa_logo_small.jpg</logo>
      </creator>
      <date role="representative">2006-07-17</date>
      <version>1.0</version>
      <contact>
         <name>IVOA Grid and Web Services WG</name>
         <email>grid@ivoa.net</email>
      </contact>
   </curation>
   <content>
      <subject>IVOA Standard: registry</subject>
      <description>
         This resource defines keys for commonly used computer languages.
      </description>
      <referenceURL>http://www.ivoa.net/twiki/bin/view/IVOA/IvoaResReg</referenceURL>
   </content>
   <key>
      <name>C</name>
      <description>The C programming language</description>
   </key>
   <key>
      <name>CPP</name>
      <description>The C++ programming language</description>
   </key>
   <key>
      <name>CSharp</name>
      <description>The C# programming language</description>
   </key>
   <key>
      <name>FORTRAN</name>
      <description>The FORTRAN programming language</description>
   </key>
   <key>
      <name>Java</name>
      <description>The Java programming language</description>
   </key>
   <key>
      <name>Perl</name>
      <description>The Perl programming language</description>
   </key>
   <key>
      <name>Python</name>
      <description>The Python programming language</description>
   </key>
</ri:Resource>

This description defines the meaning behind the following URI, namely the Python language:

ivo://ivoa.net/std/application/languages#Python

An application can thus refer to, for example, its support for the Python language via this URI. Should other languages become prevalent, the resource description could be updated to add the new names, or a new resource description could be created (with a new IVOA identifier).

2.1. The Schema Namespace and Location

The namespace associated with StandardsRegExt extensions is "http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0". Just like the namespace URI for the VOResource schema, the StandardsRegExt namespace URI can be interpreted as a URL. Resolving it will return the XML Schema document (given in Appendix A) that defines the StandardsRegExt schema.

Authors of VOResource instance documents may choose to provide a location for the VOResource XML Schema document and its extensions using the xsi:schemaLocation attribute. While the choice of the location value is the choice of the author, this specification recommends using the StandardsRegExt namespace URI as its location URL (as illustrated in the example above), as in,

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0
                    http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0"

Note:
The IVOA Registry Interface standard [RI] actually requires that the VOResource records it shares with other registries provide location URLs via xsi:schemaLocation for the VOResource schema and all legal extension schemas that are used in the records. This rule would apply to the StandardsRegExt schema.

The prefix, vstd, is used by convention as the prefix defined for the StandardsRegExt schema; however, instance documents may use any prefix of the author's choosing. In applications where common use of prefixes is recommended (such as with the Registry Interface specification [RI]), use of the vstd prefix is recommended. Note also that in this document, the vr prefix is used to label, as shorthand, a type or element name that is defined in the VOResource schema, as in vr:Resource.

As recommend by the VOResource standard [VR], the StandardsRegExt schema sets elementFormDefault="unqualified". This means that it is not necessary to qualify element names defined in this schema with a namespace prefix (as there are no global elements defined). The only place it is usually needed is as a qualifier to a StandardsRegExt type name given as the value of an xsi:type attribute.

2.2. Summary of Metadata Concepts

The StandardsRegExt extension defines three new types of resources. Two are specifically for independently documented standards:
vstd:Standard
This resource describes a general standard (e.g. data model, schema, protocol, etc.). The most important piece of metadata associated with this resource is the <referenceURL> (from the core VOResource schema) which should point to the human-readable specification document that defines the standard. It also allows one to provide the recommended version of the standard to use.
vstd:ServiceStandard
This resource type, which extends from vstd:Standard, is specifically for describing a standard service protocol (e.g. Simple Cone Search). It differs from vstd:Standard in that it also allows one to describe specific constraints on the service interface via its <interface> element.
vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration
This resource type allows for the description of a related set of controlled names (referred to as keys) and their meanings. While keys can be defined as part of a vstd:Standard or vstd:ServiceStandard resource, the vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration allows a set of key definitions to stand as a resource on its own, regardless of whether it is part of a documented standard or not.
Note:
As mentioned above, this standard allows controlled names to be defined either as part of a record of any of the above three types. When such names are being defined as part of an IVOA standard, it is recommended that the vstd:Standard or vstd:ServiceStandard record corresponding to the IVOA standard document be used to define the names. The vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration might be convenient for definitions that are experimental or otherwise are for non-IVOA-based applications.

2.3. Defining Enumerations of Identifiers

A common practice when defining metadata is to restrict certain string values to a controlled set of defined names, each with a well-defined meaning. With XML Schema, the controlled set can be enforced by a validating parser (using the xsd:enumeration construct [Schema]). One disadvantage of locking in the vocabulary in an XML Schema document is that in order to grow the list of allowed names, a revision of the XML Schema document is required, which can be a disruptive change. To avoid this, it is the practice within VOResource and its extensions to avoid "hard-coded" enumerations in the XML Schema document for sets of defined values that will likely change over time.

The StandardsRegExt schema provides an alternative to XML Schema-based definitions of controlled names. Instead, a controlled list of names, called standard keys, can be defined as part of any of the three StandardsRegExt resource types. Updating a resource description is much less disruptive than a Schema document, and as a resource is available via an IVOA-compliant registry, it is still possible for a (non-Schema-based) application to validate the use of the vocabulary.

The StandardsRegExt specification also defines a mapping from a key name to a URI. This allows these keys--and their underlying meaning--to be referenced in a globally unique way in a variety of contexts, not restricted to XML.

A key is defined using the vstd:StandardKey type which consists simply of a name and a description. The key is mapped to a URI by attaching the name as the "fragment"--i.e., appending after a pound sign, #--to the IVOA identifier for the resource description that defines the key:

ivoa-identifier#key-name

where ivoa-identifier is the resource's IVOA identifier and key-name is the name of a key defined in that resource. Consistent with the URI standard [URI], the key-name must not contain a pound (#) sign.

For example, we consider a resource description with an IVOA identifier given by <identifier> ivo://ivoa.net/std/QueryProtocol </identifier> that defines a a key named case-insensitive; the URI identifying this key would be:

ivo://ivoa.net/std/QueryProtocol#case-insensitive

This form of defining multiple keys, each with its own mapping to a URI, all in one resource has several advantages:

Note:
When these enumerations are presented to a user in a GUI it is expected that only the "fragment" part that distinguishes the various members of the enumeration will be used as a choice value, as the full IVO ID is not usually particularly "user-friendly".

Some applications may wish to publish additional metadata associated with a key definition through further extension of VOResource metadata. This can be be done by deriving a new key metadatum type derived by extension from the vstd:StandardKey.

3. The StandardsRegExt Metadata

3.1. Resource Type Extensions

This specification defined three new resource types. As is spelled out in the VOResource specification, a resource description indicates that it refers to one of these types of resources by setting the xsi:type attribute to the namespace-qualified type name. Doing so implies that the semantic meaning of that type applies to the resource.

3.1.1. Standard

The vstd:Standard resource type describes any general standard specification. This typically refers to an IVOA standard but is not limited to such. Generally, the vstd:Standard type is intended for standards other than standard protocols (which should use the vstd:ServiceStandard type instead). It extends the generic vr:Resource type as follows.

vstd:Standard Type Schema Definition
<xs:complexType name="Standard" >
  <xs:complexContent >
    <xs:extension base="vr:Resource" >
      <xs:sequence >
        <xs:element name="endorsedVersion" type="vstd:EndorsedVersion"
                    maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xs:element name="schema" type="vstd:Schema" minOccurs="0" 
                    maxOccurs="unbounded" >
        <xs:element name="deprecated" type="xs:token" minOccurs="0" />
        <xs:element name="key" type="vstd:StandardKey" minOccurs="0"
                    maxOccurs="unbounded" />
      </sequence>
    </extension>
  </complexContent>
</complexType>

As one of the purposes of this resource type is to enable users to discover the documentation that defines the standard that the resource describes, the <referenceURL> should point either to the standard's specification document or to summary information about the standard that can lead one to the specification document.

The vstd:Standard resource type adds two metadata terms to the core set:

vstd:Standard Extension Metadata Elements
ElementDefinition
endorsedVersion
Value type: a string with optional attributes
Semantic Meaning: the version of the standard that is recommended for use.
Occurrences: required; multiple occurrences allowed.
Comments: More than one version can be listed, indicating that any of these versions are recommended for use.
schema
Value type: composite: vstd:Schema
Semantic Meaning: a description and pointer to a schema document defined by this standard.
Occurrences: optional; multiple occurrences allowed.
Comments: This is most typically an XML Schema, but it need not be strictly.
deprecated
Value type: string: xs:token
Semantic Meaning: when present, this element indicates that all versions of the standard are considered deprecated by the publisher. The value is a human-readable explanation for the designation.
Occurrences: optional
Comments: The explanation should indicate if another standard should be preferred.
key
Value type: composite: vstd:StandardKey
Semantic Meaning: a defined key associated with this standard.
Occurrences: optional; multiple occurrences allowed.

The child <key> elements define terms with special meaning to the standard; see section 3.2.

The purpose of the required <endorsedVersion> element is to point potential users of the standard to the version that is most preferred by the standard's publisher. If multiple versions are relevant or in use, multiple elements may be given; in this case, the use attribute can further help steer the users to the preferred version.

vstd:EndorsedVersion Type Schema Definition
<xs:complexType name="EndorsedVersion" >
  <xs:simpleContent >
    <xs:extension base="xs:string" >
      <xs:attribute name="status" default="n/a" >
        <xs:simpleType >
          <xs:restriction base="xs:string" >
            <xs:enumeration value="rec" />
            <xs:enumeration value="pr" />
            <xs:enumeration value="wd" />
            <xs:enumeration value="iwd" />
            <xs:enumeration value="note" />
            <xs:enumeration value="n/a" />
          </restriction>
        </simpleType>
      </attribute>
      <xs:attribute name="use" >
        <xs:simpleType >
          <xs:restriction base="xs:string" >
            <xs:enumeration value="preferred" />
            <xs:enumeration value="deprecated" />
          </restriction>
        </simpleType>
      </attribute>
    </extension>
  </simpleContent>
</complexType>

vstd:EndorsedVersion Attributes
AttributeDefinition
status
Value type: string with controlled vocabulary
Semantic Meaning: the IVOA status level of this version of the standard.
Occurrences: optional
Allowed Values:
rec an IVOA Recommendation
pr an IVOA Proposed Recommendation
wd an IVOA Working Draft
iwd an internal Working Draft of an IVOA Working Group
note a published IVOA Note
n/a not an IVOA standard or protostandard at this time.
Default Value: n/a
Comments: For values of rec, pr, wd, and note, the record's <referenceURL> element should point to the official specification document in the IVOA Document Repository; if the document does not appear there, these values should not be used.
use
Value type: string with controlled vocabulary
Semantic Meaning: A designation of preference for the version compared to other versions in use.
Occurrences: optional
Allowed Values:
preferred the most preferred version.
deprecated   a version whose use is now discouraged because a newer version is preferred.

When all versions of the standard are considered deprecated by the resource publisher, the <deprecated> child element should appear. The explanation given as a value should mention the standard that the current standard is deprecated by when relevant.

Note:
An example where the <deprecated> element might be used in the VO is in the case of the SkyNode standard [SkyNode]. As of this writing, there are many instances of SkyNode services available in the VO, and where they are used, version 1.01 is endorsed; however, the IVOA has deprecated this standard in favor of the Table Access Protocol [TAP]. Thus, a vstd:ServiceStandards record for SkyNode should include a <deprecated> element whose content refers viewers to the TAP standard.

The <schema> element allows one to list the locations of any schemas defined by the standard thereby making them discoverable as well (just as the specification document is discoverable via the <referenceURL> element). It also can provide pointers to example uses of the schemas. Typically (especially for IVOA standards), the schema is an XML schema, and the location points to an XML Schema [Schema] document; however, this is not required. Other schema types and definition formats are allowed.

vstd:Schema Type Schema Definition
<xs:complexType name="Schema">
   <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="location" type="xs:anyURI" 
                  minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
      <xs:element name="description" type="xs:token" 
                  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
      <xs:element name="example" type="xs:anyURI" 
                  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
   </xs:sequence>
   <xs:attribute name="namespace" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
</xs:complexType>

As multiple schemas can be listed in the resource description, the namespace attribute provides an identifying label for each <schema> element:

vstd:Schema Attributes
AttributeDefinition
namespace
Value type: string: xs:token
Semantic Meaning: an identifier for the schema being described. Each instance of this attribute must be unique within the resourse description.
Occurrences: required
Comments: For XML schemas, this should be the schema's namespace URI. Otherwise, it is a unique label to distinguish it from other schemas described in the same resource description.

The main component of the <schema> content is the URL pointing to the schema's definition document, but it can also provide additional information useful for display:

vstd:Schema Metadata Elements
ElementDefinition
location
Value type: URL: xs:anyURI
Semantic Meaning: A URL pointing to a document that formally defines the schema.
Occurrences: required
Comments: The document should be in a machine-parsable format when applicable. For example, when refering to an XML schema, the document should be an XML Schema or similar document that can be used to validate an instance document.
description
Value type: URL: xs:token
Semantic Meaning: A human-readable description of what the schema defines or is used for.
Occurrences: optional
Comments: A brief description--e.g. one statement--is recommended for display purposes.
example
Value type: URL: xs:anyURI
Semantic Meaning: A URL pointing to a sample document that illustrates the use of the schema.
Occurrences: optional; multiple occurances are allowed.
Comments: When applicable (e.g. XML), the document should be in the format defined by the schema document.

An example of a Standard resource that summarizes this specification
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ri:Resource xsi:type="vstd:Standard" status="active"
             created="2012-02-17T11:15:00" updated="2012-02-17T11:15:00"
             xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" 
             xmlns:vstd="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0" 
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <title> StandardsRegExt: a VOResource Schema Extension for Describing IVOA Standards </title>
    <shortName> StandardsRegExt </shortName>
    <identifier>   ivo://ivoa.net/std/StandardsRegExt   </identifier>
    <curation>
      <publisher ivo-id="ivo://ivoa.net/IVOA">
        International Virtual Observatory Alliance
      </publisher>
      <creator>
        <name>  IVOA Registry Working Group   </name>
        <logo>http://www.ivoa.net/icons/ivoa_logo_small.jpg</logo>
      </creator>
      <date role="creation"> 2010-05-19 </date>
      <date role="updated">  2012-02-17 </date>
      <version> 1.0 </version>
      <contact>
        <name>   Resource Registry Working Group   </name>
	<email>  registry@ivoa.net    </email>
      </contact>
    </curation>
    <content>
      <subject>   software standard   </subject>
      <subject>   virtual observatory   </subject>
      <description>
        This document describes an XML encoding standard for metadata about
        IVOA standards themselves, referred to as StandardsRegExt.  It is
        intended to allow for the discovery of a standard via an IVOA
        identifier that refers to the standard.  It also allows one to define
        concepts that are defined by the standard which can themselves be
        referred to via an IVOA identifier (augmented with a URL fragment
        identifier).  Finally, it can also provide a machine interpretable
        description of a standard service interface.  We describe the general
        model for the schema and explain its intended use by interoperable
        registries for discovering resources. 
      </description>
      <referenceURL>
         http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/StandardsRegExt/
      </referenceURL>
      <type>   Other   </type>
      <contentLevel>   Research   </contentLevel>
    </content>
    <endorsedVersion status="pr"> 1.0 </endorsedVersion>
    <schema namespace="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0">
      <location>http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0</location>
      <description>
        the VOResource extension XML Schema for registering standards
      </description>
      <example>http://rofr.ivoa.net/examples/StandardsRegExt.xml</example>
      <example>http://rofr.ivoa.net/examples/SIA.xml</example>
      <example>http://rofr.ivoa.net/examples/VOSpace.xml</example>
    </schema>
</ri:Resource>

3.1.2. ServiceStandard

The vstd:ServiceStandard resource type extends vstd:Standard to describe more specifically a standard protocol. It adds an <interface> element to allow the interface defined by the standard to be described in a machine-readable way. Its type is defined to be vr:Interface, which is defined in the VOResource schema [VR].

vstd:ServiceStandard Type Schema Definition
<xs:complexType name="ServiceStandard" >
  <xs:complexContent >
    <xs:extension base="vstd:Standard" >
      <xs:sequence >
        <xs:element name="interface" type="vr:Interface" minOccurs="0"
                    maxOccurs="unbounded" />
      </sequence>
    </extension>
  </complexContent>
</complexType>

vstd:ServiceStandard Extension Metadata Elements
ElementDefinition
interface
Value type: composite: vr:Interface
Semantic Meaning: an abstract description of one of the interfaces defined by this service standard.
Occurrences: optional; multiple occurrences allowed.
Comments: This element can provide details about the interface that apply to all implementations. Each interface element should specify a role attribute with a value starting with "std:", or, if there is only one standard child element, role is set to "std".

Even though the vr:Interface type requires an <accessURL> child element, the <interface> element in a vstd:ServiceStandard is intended to describe a service in the abstract--i.e. without reference to a particular installation of the service. Consequently, the accessURL should contain a bogus URL; applications should not expect it to be resolvable.

An application can, in principle, get a complete machine-readable description of a particular instance of a standard service (to, say, create a GUI for that service on-the-fly) by combining the general description in the vstd:ServiceStandard record with the service resource description for the specific instance. The intended process for building that description is as follows:

  1. The application obtains a VOResource resource record for the service instance (e.g. from a registry).
  2. The application extracts the standardID attribute for the desired service capability.
  3. The standardID is resolved (via a registry) to a vstd:ServiceStandard record for the service. This description would capture the required and optional (but standard) components of the service interface.
  4. The specific instance's interface description is merged into the standard one. The service's support of optional components as well as its allowed customizations would override the generic description from the vstd:ServiceStandard record.

The so-called "simple" data access layer (DAL) services, such as the Simple Image Access services [SIA], are registered using the vs:ParamHTTP interface type [VDS] to describe its interface. This interface type allows one to list input parameters accepted by the service. Each parameter can be marked as required, optional, or ignored. Typically with DAL services, parameters defined as optional by the standard may be legally ignored by an implementation. Consequently, this specification recommends special instruction for listing and interpreting input parameteters in a vstd:ServiceStandard record when the interface is of type vs:ParamHTTP: parameters that can be optionally provided in a client's query but are ignorable by the implementation should be marked as ignored. Applications that consume such vstd:ServiceStandard records should thus interpret the parameters marked ignored as optional for use by clients and ignorable by implementations. This minimizes the list of parameters that the service provider must list in the registration of a particular service instance to the ones that are actually supported (i.e. not ignored): when the list service instance description is merged into the list from the vstd:ServiceStandard record (step 4 above), the result is an accurate list of the optional but supported and the ignored parameters for that service instance.

An example of an instance of a vstd:ServiceStandard record is shown in Appendix B. It describes the Simple Image Access Specification [SIA] and in particular illustrates the recommended way to list input parameters defined by the standard.

3.1.3. StandardKeyEnumeration

The vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration resource type is available for collecting definitions of related, standard keys. Each key defined within this resource can then be referred to by a unique IVOA Identifier URI (see section 3.2). To support this, the vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration resource simply adds the <key> element to the standard core metadata.

vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration Type Schema Definition
<xs:complexType name="StandardKeyEnumeration" >
  <xs:complexContent >
    <xs:extension base="vr:Resource" >
      <xs:sequence >
        <xs:element name="key" type="vstd:StandardKey" maxOccurs="unbounded"
                    minOccurs="1" />
      </sequence>
    </extension>
  </complexContent>
</complexType>

vstd:StandardKeyEnumeration Extension Metadata Elements
ElementDefinition
key
Value type: composite: vstd:StandardKey
Semantic Meaning: the name and definition of a key--a named concept, feature, or property.
Occurrences: required; multiple occurrences allowed.

The contents of the <key> element is described in the next section.

3.2. Defining Keys: StandardKey and StandardKeyURI

The vstd:StandardKey type provides the means to define keys (as defined in section 2.3) within a VOResource record.

vstd:StandardKey Type Schema Definition
<xs:complexType name="StandardKey" >
  <xs:sequence >
    <xs:element name="name" type="vstd:fragment" />
    <xs:element name="description" type="xs:token" />
  </sequence>
</complexType>

<xs:simpleType name="fragment" >
  <xs:restriction base="xs:string" >
    <xs:pattern value="([A-Za-z0-9;/\?:@&amp;=\+$,\-_.!~\*'\(\)]|%[A-Fa-f0-9]{2})+" />
  </restriction>
</simpleType>

vstd:StandardKey Metadata Elements
ElementDefinition
name
Value type: string with a form restricted to a legal URI fragment [URI].
Semantic Meaning: The property identifier which would appear as the fragment (string after the pound sign, #) in an IVOA identifier.
Occurrences: required
Comments: Note that fragments may not include a pound (#) sign.
description
Value type: string: xs:token
Semantic Meaning: A human-readable definition of this property.
Occurrences: required
Comments: Note that while a lengthy definition and other comments can be included in the body of this element, the xs:token type does not support multiple paragraphs.

Defining a key via a <key> element within a VOResource record implies the definition of a unique URI formed according to the syntax described in section 2.3 that represents the semantics given by the value of the <description> child element. Because the URI must be globally unique, the key name (given by the <name> child element) must be unique within the VOResource record.

Though it is not needed by StandardsRegExt resource records, the StandardsRegExt schema further defines a convenience type, vstd:StandardKeyURI, which defines the legal pattern for a full standard key identifier (as defined in section 2.3). Applications that wish to use XML Schema to validate the form of a key URI may import the StandardsRegExt schema and use this type.

Note:
It is worth noting that just using or otherwise referencing a standard key URI in an application does not require importing the StandardsRegExt nor need there be any reference to the StandardsRegExt namespace. The role of the StandardsRegExt schema is simply to provide a way of documenting the definitions in a VOResource record. Thus, an application may dereference the URI for display or user help purposes; however, dereferencing is not necessary to use the URI.

Appendix A: The complete StandardsRegExt Schema

The schema is included here for completeness - the definitive source of the schema is at http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema targetNamespace="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0" 
           xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
           xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" 
           xmlns:vstd="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0" 
           xmlns:vm="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOMetadata/v0.1"
           elementFormDefault="unqualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
           version="1.0" >

   <xs:annotation>
      <xs:appinfo>
        <vm:schemaName>StandardsRegExt</vm:schemaName>
        <vm:schemaPrefix>xs</vm:schemaPrefix>
        <vm:targetPrefix>vstd</vm:targetPrefix>
      </xs:appinfo>
      <xs:documentation>
        This is a core schema for describing IVOA Standards themselves
      </xs:documentation>
   </xs:annotation>

   <xs:import namespace="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" 
              schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0"/>

   <xs:complexType name="Standard">
      <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>
           a description of a standard specification.
         </xs:documentation>
         <xs:documentation>
           This typically refers to an IVOA standard but is not
           limited to such.  
         </xs:documentation>
      </xs:annotation>

      <xs:complexContent>
         <xs:extension base="vr:Resource">
            <xs:sequence>
 
              <xs:element name="endorsedVersion" type="vstd:EndorsedVersion" 
                          maxOccurs="unbounded">
                <xs:annotation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     the version of the standard that is recommended for use.
                   </xs:documentation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     More than one version can be listed, indicating
                     that any of these versions are recognized as
                     acceptable for use.  
                   </xs:documentation>
                </xs:annotation>
              </xs:element>

              <xs:element name="schema" type="vstd:Schema" 
                          minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                <xs:annotation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     a description and pointer to a schema document
                     defined by this standard.
                   </xs:documentation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     This is most typically an XML Schema, but it need
                     not be strictly.  
                   </xs:documentation>
                </xs:annotation>
              </xs:element>

              <xs:element name="deprecated" type="xs:token" minOccurs="0">
                <xs:annotation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     when present, this element indicates that all
                     versions of the standard are considered
                     deprecated by the publisher.  The value is a 
                     human-readable explanation for the designation.
                   </xs:documentation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     The explanation should indicate if another
                     standard should be preferred.  
                   </xs:documentation>
                </xs:annotation>
              </xs:element>

              <xs:element name="key" type="vstd:StandardKey" 
                          minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                <xs:annotation>
                   <xs:documentation>
                     a defined key associated with this standard.
                   </xs:documentation>
                </xs:annotation>
              </xs:element>

            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
   </xs:complexType>

   <xs:complexType name="EndorsedVersion">
      <xs:simpleContent>
         <xs:extension base="xs:string">
           <xs:attribute name="status" default="n/a">
             <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                 the IVOA status level of this version of the standard.
               </xs:documentation>
               <xs:documentation>
                 For values of "rec", "pr", "wd", and "note", the
                 record's referenceURL element should point to the
                 official specification document in the IVOA Document
                 Repository; if the document does not appear there,
                 these values should not be used. 
               </xs:documentation>
             </xs:annotation>

             <xs:simpleType>
                <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                   <xs:enumeration value="rec">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            an IVOA Recommendation
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                   <xs:enumeration value="pr">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            an IVOA Proposed Recommendation
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                   <xs:enumeration value="wd">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            an IVOA Working Draft
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                   <xs:enumeration value="iwd">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            an internal Working Draft of an IVOA Working Group
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                   <xs:enumeration value="note">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            a published IVOA Note
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                   <xs:enumeration value="n/a">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            not an IVOA standard or protostandard at
                            this time. 
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                </xs:restriction>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:attribute>

           <xs:attribute name="use">
             <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                 A designation of preference for the version compared
                 to other versions in use.
               </xs:documentation>
             </xs:annotation>

             <xs:simpleType>
                <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                   <xs:enumeration value="preferred">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            the most preferred version.
                         </xs:documentation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            Only one version should have this designation.
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                   <xs:enumeration value="deprecated">
                      <xs:annotation>
                         <xs:documentation>
                            a version whose use is now discouraged
                            because a newer version is preferred.  
                         </xs:documentation>
                      </xs:annotation>
                   </xs:enumeration>
                </xs:restriction>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:attribute>

         </xs:extension>
      </xs:simpleContent>
   </xs:complexType>

   <xs:complexType name="Schema">
      <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>
           a description of a schema definition
         </xs:documentation>
      </xs:annotation>

      <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name="location" type="xs:anyURI" 
                     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
            <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  A URL pointing to a document that formally defines
                  the schema.
               </xs:documentation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  The document should be in a machine-parsable format
                  when applicable.  For example, when refering to an
                  XML schema, the document should be an XML Schema or 
                  similar document that can be used to validate an 
                  instance document.  
               </xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
         <xs:element name="description" type="xs:token" 
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" >
            <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  A human-readable description of what the schema
                  defines or is used for.
               </xs:documentation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  A brief description--e.g. one statement--is
                  recommended for display purposes.  
               </xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
         <xs:element name="example" type="xs:anyURI" 
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
            <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  A URL pointing to a sample document that illustrates 
                  the use of the schema.
               </xs:documentation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  When applicable (e.g. XML), the document should be
                  in the format defined by the schema document.
               </xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>

      <xs:attribute name="namespace" type="xs:token" use="required">
          <xs:annotation>
             <xs:documentation>
               an identifier for the schema being described.  Each instance 
               of this attribute must be unique within the resourse description.
             </xs:documentation>
             <xs:documentation>
               For XML schemas, this should be the schema's namespace URI.
               Otherwise, it should be a unique label to distinguish it from 
               other schemas described in the same resource description. 
             </xs:documentation>
          </xs:annotation>
      </xs:attribute>
   </xs:complexType>

   <xs:complexType name="ServiceStandard">
      <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>
           a description of a standard service protocol.
         </xs:documentation>
         <xs:documentation>
           This typically refers to an IVOA standard but is not
           limited to such.  
         </xs:documentation>
      </xs:annotation>

      <xs:complexContent>
         <xs:extension base="vstd:Standard">
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element name="interface" type="vr:Interface"
                           minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                  <xs:annotation>
                    <xs:documentation>
                      an abstract description of one of the interfaces defined 
                      by this service standard.  
                    </xs:documentation>
                    <xs:documentation>
                      This element can provide details about the interface 
                      that apply to all implementations.  Each interface 
                      element should specify a role with a value starting 
                      with "std:" or, if there is only one standard interface,
                      is equal to "std".  
                    </xs:documentation>
                    <xs:documentation>
                      Applications that, for example, wish to build a GUI
                      to the service on-the-fly would first access this generic 
                      description.  Site-specific variations, such
                      as supported optional arguments or site specific 
                      arguments, would be given in the actual implemented 
                      service description and overrides any common information 
                      found in this generic description.  This generic interface
                      description can be matched with the site-specific one 
                      using the role attribute.  
                    </xs:documentation>
                    <xs:documentation>
                      Even though the Interface type requires an
                      accessURL child element, this element is
                      intended to describe a service in the
                      abstract--i.e. without reference to a particular 
                      installation of the service.  Consequently,
                      the accessURL may contain a bogus URL;
                      applications should not expect it to be resolvable.  
                    </xs:documentation>
                  </xs:annotation>
               </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
   </xs:complexType>

   <xs:complexType name="StandardKeyEnumeration">
      <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>
            A registered set of related keys.  Each key can be
            uniquely identified by combining the IVOA identifier of
            this resource with the key name separated by the URI
            fragment delimiter, #, as in: ivoa-identifier#key-name
         </xs:documentation>
      </xs:annotation>
      <xs:complexContent>
         <xs:extension base="vr:Resource">
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element name="key" type="vstd:StandardKey"
                           maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="1">
                 <xs:annotation>
                    <xs:documentation>
                      the name and definition of a key--a named concept, 
                      feature, or property.
                    </xs:documentation>
                 </xs:annotation>
               </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
   </xs:complexType>

   <xs:complexType name="StandardKey">
      <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>
            The name and definition of a key--a named concept, 
            feature, or property.
         </xs:documentation>
         <xs:documentation>
            This key can be identified via an IVOA identifier
            of the form ivo://authority/resource#name where name is
            the value of the child name element.
         </xs:documentation>
         <xs:documentation>
            This type can be extended if the key has
            other metadata associated with it. 
         </xs:documentation>
      </xs:annotation>

      <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name="name" type="vstd:fragment">
            <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  The property identifier which would appear as the
                  fragment (string after the pound sign, #) in an IVOA
                  identifier.  
               </xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
         <xs:element name="description" type="xs:token">
            <xs:annotation>
               <xs:documentation>
                  A human-readable definition of this property.  
               </xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>
   </xs:complexType>

   <xs:simpleType name="StandardKeyURI">
      <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>
            reference that forces an IVOA ID with a # fragment part
            appended to match the standard pattern for registering
            enumeration values with a vstd:StandardKeyList
         </xs:documentation>
      </xs:annotation>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
         <xs:pattern value="ivo://[\w\d][\w\d\-_\.!~\*'\(\)\+=]{2,}(/[\w\d\-_\.!~\*'\(\)\+=]+(/[\w\d\-_\.!~\*'\(\)\+=]+)*)?(#([A-Za-z0-9;/\?:@&amp;=\+$,\-_\.!~\*'\(\)]|%[A-Fa-f0-9]{2})+)?"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>

    <xs:simpleType name="fragment">
       <xs:annotation>
          <xs:documentation>
             the allowed characters for a fragment identifier taken
             from rfc2396
          </xs:documentation>
       </xs:annotation>
       <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
          <xs:pattern
              value="([A-Za-z0-9;/\?:@&amp;=\+$,\-_\.!~\*'\(\)]|%[A-Fa-f0-9]{2})+"/>
       </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>
</xs:schema>

Appendix B: A Sample Record

This example shows how one can describe an IVOA standard, the Simple Image Access Protocol. It includes a description of the input parameters defined in the specification.

><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<resource xsi:type="vstd:ServiceStandard" status="active"
          created="2000-01-01T09:00:00" updated="2000-01-01T09:00:00"
          xmlns:vstd="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0" 
          xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" 
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0
                              VOResource-v1.0.xsd
                              http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1
                              VODataService-v1.1.xsd
                              http://www.ivoa.net/xml/StandardsRegExt/v1.0
                              StandardsRegExt-v1.0.xsd">

    <title>   Simple Image Access Protocol   </title>
    <shortName>   SIA   </shortName>
    <identifier>   ivo://ivoa.net/std/SIA   </identifier>

    <curation>
      <publisher ivo-id="ivo://ivoa.net/IVOA">
        International Virtual Observatory Alliance
      </publisher>
      <creator>
        <name>  Doug Tody   </name>
      </creator>
      <creator>
        <name>  Ray Plante   </name>
      </creator>
      <date>   2004-05-24   </date>
      <contact>
        <name>   Data Access Layer Working Group   </name>
	<email>  dal@ivoa.net    </email>
      </contact>
    </curation>

    <content>
      <subject>   software standard   </subject>
      <subject>   virtual observatory   </subject>
      <description>
        The Simple Image Access Protocol is a protocol for retrieving
        image data from a variety of astronomical image repositories
        through a uniform interface. The interface is meant to be
        reasonably simple to implement by service providers. A query
        defining a rectangular region on the sky is used to query for
        candidate images. The service returns a list of candidate
        images formatted as a VOTable. For each candidate image an
        access reference URL may be used to retrieve the image. Images
        may be returned in a variety of formats including FITS and
        various graphics formats. Referenced images are often computed
        on the fly, e.g., as cutouts from larger images. 
      </description>
      <referenceURL>
         http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/latest/SIA.html
      </referenceURL>
      <type>   Other   </type>
      <contentLevel>   Research   </contentLevel>
    </content>

    <endorsedVersion status="rec"> 1.0 </endorsedVersion>

    <interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP" role="std" version="1.0">
       <accessURL use="base"> http://sample.org/cgi-bin/sia </accessURL>
       <queryType>GET</queryType>
       <resultType>text/xml+votable</resultType>

       <!-- 
         -  These are the standard input parameters defined in the 
         -  SIA spec
         -->
       <param use="required">
         <name>POS</name>
         <description>
            Search Position in the form "ra,dec" where ra and dec are given 
            in decimal degrees in the ICRS coordinate system.
         </description>
         <unit>degrees</unit>
         <dataType arraysize="2">real</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="required">
         <name>SIZE</name>
         <description>
            Size of search region in the RA and Dec. directions in decimal 
            degrees.
         </description>
         <unit>degrees</unit>
         <dataType arraysize="2">real</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="optional">
         <name>FORMAT</name>
         <description>Requested format of images.</description>
         <dataType>string</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="optional">
         <name>INTERSECT</name>
         <description>
           Choice of intersection of matched images with the region of 
           interest.
         </description>
         <dataType>string</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>NAXIS</name>
         <description>
           The number of pixels desired along each axis
         </description>
         <dataType arraysize="2">integer</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>CFRAME</name>
         <description>
           the coordinate frame to impose on the image.
         </description>
         <dataType>string</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>EQUINOX</name>
         <description>
           the epoch of the mean equator and equinox for the specified 
           coordinate system reference frame (CFRAME). coordinate frame to 
           impose on the image.
         </description>
         <dataType>string</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>CRPIX</name>
         <description>
           the pixel position to locate the reference position in the output
           image.
         </description>
         <dataType arraysize="2">real</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>CRVAL</name>
         <description>
           the world coordinates of the reference position in the output
           image in decimal degrees
         </description>
         <dataType arraysize="2">real</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>CDELT</name>
         <description>
           the scale of the output image in decimal degrees per pixel
         </description>
         <dataType arraysize="2">real</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>ROTANG</name>
         <description>
           the rotation angle to put into the output image's coordinate system
         </description>
         <dataType arraysize="2">real</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>PROJ</name>
         <description>
           the projection to impose in the construction of the output image
         </description>
         <dataType>string</dataType>
       </param>
       <param use="ignored">
         <name>VERB</name>
         <description>
           the level of verbosity in the output.
         </description>
         <dataType>string</dataType>
       </param>
    </interface>
   
</resource>

Appendix C: Change History

Changes since PR-v1.0 20120213:

Changes since PR-v1.0 20111017:

Changes since PR-v1.0 20110921:

Changes since PR-v1.0 20110316:

Changes since WD-v1.0 20100519:

Changes since WD-v1.0 20100514:

Changes since WD-v0.4:

References

[RI]
Benson, Kevin, Plante, Ray, Auden, Elizabeth, Graham, Matthew, Greene, Gretchen, Hill, Martin, Linde, Tony, Morris, Dave, O'Mullane, Wil, Rixon, Guy, Andrews, Kona 2008, IVOA Registry Interfaces, v1.0, IVOA Recommendation, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/RegistryInterface/20091104/
[URI]
Berners-Lee, Tim, Fielding, R., Irvine, U.C., Masinter, L. 1998. Universal Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax, IETF RFC 2396, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
[RFC 2119]
Bradner, S. 1997. Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels, IETF RFC 2119, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt
[XML]
Bray, Tim, Paoli, Jean, Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., Maler, Eve, Yergeau, Francois (editors) 2004, Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Third Edition), W3C Recommendation 04 February 2004, http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
[Schema]
Fallside, David C., Walmsley, Priscilla (editors) 2004, XML Schema Part 0: Primer Second Edition, W3C Recommendation 28 October 2004, http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0/
[Arch]
Arviset, Christophe, Severin Gaudet, and the IVOA Technical Coordination Group 2010, The IVOA Architecture, v1.0, IVOA Note, 23 November 2010, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/Notes/IVOAArchitecture/
[RM]
Hanisch, Robert (ed.) 2004. Resource Metadata for the Virtual Observatory, Version 1.01, IVOA Recommendation, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/REC/ResMetadata/RM-20040426.htm
[RofR]
Plante, R. 2007, The Registry of Registries v1.00, IVOA Note, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/Notes/RegistryOfRegistries/RegistryOfRegistries-20070628.html
[VR]
Plante, R., Benson, K., Graham, M., Greene, G., Harrison, P., Lemson, G., Linde, T., Rixon, G., Stébé, A. 2008, VOResource: an XML Encoding Schema for Resource Metadata, v1.03, IVOA Recommendation, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/REC/ReR/VOResource-20080222.html
[ID]
Plante, R., Linde, T., Williams, R., Noddle, K. 2005, IVOA Identifiers v1.12, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/REC/Identifiers/Identifiers-20070302.html.
[SIA]
Tody, Doug, Plante, Ray, and Harrison, Paul 2009, Simple Image Access Specification Version 1.0, IVOA Recommendation, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/SIA/20091116/.
[TAP]
Dowler, Patric, Rixon, Guy, and Tody, Doug 2010, Table Access Protocol, Version 1.0, IVOA Recommendation, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/TAP/20100327/.
[VDS]
Plante, R., Stébé, A. Benson, K., Dowler, P. Graham, M., Greene, G., Harrison, P., Lemson, G., Linde, T., Rixon, G., Stébé, A. 2010, VODataService: a VOResource Schema Extension for Describing Collections and Services, v1.1, IVOA Recommendation, http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/VODataService/20101202/

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